Articles in refereed journals (full publication list)
1. Butler, P.J. 1967. The effect of progressive hypoxia
on respiratory and cardiovascular systems of the
chicken. J. Physiol. 191, 309-324.
2. Butler, P.J. & Jones,
D.R. 1968. Onset of and recovery from diving bradycardia
in ducks. J. Physiol. 196, 255-272.
3. Butler, P.J. 1970. The
effect of progressive hypoxia on the respiratory and
cardiovascular systems of the pigeon and duck. J.
Physiol. 211, 527-538.
4. Butler, P.J. & Jones,
D.R. 1971. The effect of variations in heart rate and
regional distribution of blood flow on the normal
pressor response to diving in ducks. J. Physiol. 214,
457-479.
5. Taylor, E.W. & Butler,
P.J. 1971. Some observations on the relationship between
heart beat and respiratory movements in the dogfish (Scyliorhinus
canicula L.). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 39A, 297-305.
6. Butler, P.J. & Taylor,
E.W. 1971. Response of the dogfish (Scyliorhinus
canicula L.) to slowly induced and rapidly induced
hypoxia. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 39A, 307-323.
7. Taylor, E.W. & Butler,
P.J. 1973. The behaviour and physiological responses of
the shore crab, Carcinus maenas (L.), during changes in
environmental oxygen tension. Neth. J. Sea Res. 7,
496-505.
8. Butler, P.J. & Taylor,
E.W. 1973. The effect of hypercapnic hypoxia,
accompanied by different levels of lung ventilation, on
heart rate in the duck. Resp. Physiol. 19, 176-187.
9. Taylor, E.W., Butler,
P.J. & Sherlock, P.J. 1973. The respiratory and
cardiovascular changes associated with the emersion
response of Carcinus maenas (L.) during environmental
hypoxia at three different temperatures. J. comp.
Physiol. 86, 95-115.
10. Butler, P.J. & Taylor,
E.W. 1974. Responses of the respiratory and
cardiovascular systems of chickens and pigeons to
changes in PaO2 and PaCO2. Resp. Physiol. 21, 351-363.
11. Butler, P.J. & Taylor,
E.W. 1975. The effect of progressive hypoxia on
respiration in the dogfish (Scyliorhinus canicula) at
different seasonal temperatures. J. exp. Biol. 63,
117-130.
12. Osborne, M.P. &
Butler, P.J. 1975. A new theory for the receptor
mechanism of carotid body chemoreceptors. Nature 254,
701-703.
13. Butler, P.J. &
Osborne, M.P. 1975. The effect of cervical vagotomy
(decentralisation) on the ultrastructure of the carotid
body of the duck Anas platyrhynchos. Cell and Tiss. Res.
163, 491-502.
14. Woakes, A.J. & Butler,
P.J. 1975. An implantable transmitter for monitoring
heart rate and respiratory frequency in diving ducks.
Biotelemetry 2, 153-160.
15. Taylor, E.W., Butler,
P.J. & Al-Wassia, A. 1977. The effect of a decrease in
salinity on respiration, osmoregulation and activity in
the shore crab, Carcinus maenas (L) at different
acclimation temperatures. J. comp. Physiol. 119B,
115-170.
16. Butler, P.J., Taylor,
E.W. & Short, S. 1977. The effect of sectioning cranial
nerves V, VII, IX and X on the cardiac response of the
dogfish, Scyliorhinus canicula, to environmental
hypoxia. J. exp. Biol. 69, 233-245.
17. Taylor, E.W., Short,
S. & Butler, P.J. 1977. The role of the cardiac vagus in
the responses of the dogfish (Scyliorhinus canicula L.)
to hypoxia. J. exp. Biol. 70, 57-75.
18. Short, S., Butler,
P.J. & Taylor, E.W. 1977. The relative importance of
nervous, humoral and intrinsic mechanisms in the
regulation of heart rate and stroke volume in the
dogfish (Scyliorhinus canicula L.). J. exp. Biol. 70,
77-92.
19. Taylor, E.W., Butler,
P.J. & Al-Wassia A. 1977. Some responses of the shore
crab, Carcinus maenas (L.) to progressive hypoxia at
different acclimation temperatures and salinities. J.
comp. Physiol. 122B, 391-402.
20. Butler, P.J., West,
N.H. & Jones, D.R. 1977. Respiratory and cardiovascular
responses of the pigeon to sustained, level flight in a
wind tunnel. J. exp. Biol. 71, 7-26.
21. Taylor, E.W. & Butler,
P.J. 1978. Aquatic and aerial respiration in the shore
crab, Carcinus maenas (L.) acclimated to 15°C. J. comp.
Physiol. 127B, 315-323.
22. Butler, P.J., Taylor,
E.W., Capra, M.F. & Davison, W. 1978. The effect of
hypoxia on the levels of circulating catecholamines in
the dogfish Scyliorhinus canicula. J. comp. Physiol.
127B, 325-330.
23. Butler, P.J., Taylor,
E.W. & McMahon, B.R. 1978. Respiratory and circulatory
changes in the lobster (Homarus vulgaris) during long
term exposure to moderate hypoxia. J. exp. Biol. 73,
131-146.
24. McMahon, B.R., Butler,
P.J. & Taylor, E.W. 1978. Acid-base changes during
recovery from disturbance and during long term exposure
to hypoxia in the lobster Homarus vulgaris. J. exp.
Zool. 205, 361-370.
25. Butler, P.J. & Woakes,
A.J. 1979. Changes in heart rate and respiratory
frequency during natural behaviour of ducks, with
particular reference to diving. J. exp. Biol. 79,
283-300.
26. Short, S., Taylor,
E.W. & Butler, P.J. 1979. The effectiveness of oxygen
transfer during normoxia and hypoxia in the dogfish
(Scyliorhinus canicula) before and after cardiac
vagotomy. J. comp. Physiol. 132, 289-295.
27. Butler, P.J., Taylor,
E.W. & Davison, W. 1979. The effect of long term,
moderate hypoxia on acid base balance, plasma
catecholamines and anaerobic metabolites in the dogfish,
Scyliorhinus canicula. J. comp. Physiol. 132, 297-303.
28. Butler, P.J. & Woakes,
A.J. 1980. Heart rate, respiratory frequency and wing
beat frequency during free-range flights of barnacle
geese. J. exp. Biol. 85, 213-226.
29. Jones, D.R. & Butler,
P.J. 1982. On the cardioinhibitory role of water
immersion per se in ducklings Anas platyrhynchos during
enforced submersion. Can. J. Zool. 60, 830-832.
30. Metcalfe, J.D. &
Butler, P. J. 1982. Differences between directly
measured and calculated values for cardiac output in the
dogfish: A criticism of the Fick method. J. exp. Biol.
99, 255-268.
31. Keijer, E. & Butler,
P.J. 1982. Volumes of the respiratory and circulatory
systems in tufted and mallard ducks. J. exp. Biol. 101,
213-220.
32. Butler, P.J. & Woakes.
A.J. 1982. Control of heart rate by carotid body
chemo-receptors during diving in tufted ducks. J. appl.
Physiol. 53, 1405-1410.
33. Taylor, E.W. & Butler,
P.J. 1982. Nervous control of heart rate and activity in
the cardiac vagus of the dogfish. J. appl. Physiol. 53,
1330-1335.
34. Butler, P.J. & Taylor,
E.W. 1983. Factors affecting the respiratory and
cardiovascular responses to hypercapnic hypoxia, in
mallard ducks. Resp. Physiol. 53, 109-127.
35. Woakes, A.J. & Butler,
P.J. 1983. Swimming and diving in tufted ducks, Aythya
fuligula, with particular reference to heart rate and
gas exchange. J. exp. Biol. 107, 311-329.
36. Butler, P.J., Milsom,
W.K. & Woakes, A.J. 1984. Respiratory, cardiovascular
and metabolic adjustments of steady state swimming in
the green turtle, Chelonia mydas. J. comp. Physiol. B.
154, 167-174.
37. Metcalfe, J.D. &
Butler, P.J. 1984. Changes in activity and ventilation
in response to hypoxia in unrestrained, unoperated
dogfish (Scyliorhinus canicula L.). J. exp. Biol. 108,
411-418.
38. Butler, P.J. & Woakes,
A.J. 1984. Heart rate and aerobic metabolism in Humboldt
penguins, Spheniscus humboldti, during voluntary dives.
J. exp. Biol. 108, 419-428.
39. Metcalfe, J.D. &
Butler, P.J. 1984. On the nervous regulation of gill
blood flow in the dogfish (Scyliorhinus canicula). J.
exp. Biol. 113, 253-267.
40. Jones, D.R., Milsom,
W.K. & Butler, P.J. 1985. Ventilatory responses to
venous CO2 loading in ducks. Can. J. Zool. 63,
1232-1236.
41. Woakes, A.J. & Butler,
P.J. 1986. Respiratory, circulatory and metabolic
changes during swimming in the tufted duck, Aythya
fuligula.. J. exp. Biol. 120, 215-231.
42. Metcalfe, J.D. &
Butler, P.J. 1986. The functional anatomy of the gills
of the dogfish, Scyliorhinus canicula, J. Zool. Lond.
208, 519-530.
43. Butler, P.J. Metcalfe,
J.D. & Ginley, S.A. 1986. Plasma catecholamines in the
lesser spotted dogfish and rainbow trout at rest and
during different levels of exercise. J. exp. Biol. 123,
409-421.
44. Stephenson, R.,
Butler, P.J. & Woakes, A.J. 1986. Diving behaviour and
heart rate in tufted ducks (Aythya fuligula). J. exp.
Biol. 126, 341-359.
45. Butler, P.J. & Woakes,
A.J. 1987. Heart rate in humans during underwater
swimming with and without breath-hold. Respir. Physiol.
69, 387-399.
46. Woakes, A.J., Butler,
P.J. & Snow, D.H. 1987. The measurement of respiratory
airflow in exercising horses. In: Equine Exercise
Physiology 2. Ed. J.R. Gillespie & N.E. Robinson, pp
194-205.
47. Butler, P.J. &
Stephenson, R. 1988. Chemoreceptor control of heart rate
and behaviour during diving in the tufted duck (Aythya
fuligula). J. Physiol. 397, 63-80.
48. Stephenson, R.,
Butler, P.J., Dunstone, N. & Woakes, A.J. 1988. Heart
rate and gas exchange in freely diving American mink
(Mustela vison). J. exp. Biol. 134, 435-442.
49. Metcalfe, J.D. &
Butler, P.J. 1988. The effects of alpha- and
beta-adrenergic receptor blockade on gas exchange in the
dogfish (Scyliorhinus canicula L.) during normoxia and
hypoxia. J. comp. Physiol. B. 158, 39-44.
50. Turner, D.L. & Butler,
P.J. 1988. The aerobic capacity of locomotory muscles in
the tufted duck, Aythya fuligula. J. exp. Biol. 135,
445-460.
51. Butler, P.J., Turner,
D.L., Al-Wassia, A. & Bevan, R.M. 1988. Regional
distribution of blood flow during swimming in the tufted
duck (Aythya fuligula). J. exp. Biol. 135, 461-472.
52. Butler, P.J., &
Turner, D.L. 1988. Effect of training on maximal oxygen
uptake and aerobic capacity of locomotory muscles in
tufted ducks, Aythya fuligula. J. Physiol. 401, 347-359.
53. Keijer, E., Butler,
P.J. & Woakes, A.J. 1988. Cardiac response to voluntary
diving in tufted ducklings (Aythya fuligula). J. exp.
Biol. 138, 195-203.
54. Van Vliet, B.N.,
Metcalfe, J.D., Butler, P.J. & West, N.H. 1988. The
concentration dependence of the stimulatory effects of
catecholamines on the rate and force of contraction of
the heart of dogfish (Scyliorhinus canicula). J. exp.
Biol. 140, 549-555
55. Metcalfe, J.D. &
Butler, P.J. 1989. The use of alpha-methyl-tyrosine to
control circulating catecholamines in the dogfish
Scyliorhinus canicula: the effects on gas exchange in
normoxia and hypoxia. J. exp. Biol. 141, 21-32.
56. Stephenson, R.,
Turner, D.L. & Butler, P.J. 1989. The relationship
between diving activity and oxygen storage capacity in
the tufted duck (Aythya fuligula). J. exp. Biol. 141,
265-275.
57. Butler, P.J.,
Axelsson, M., Ehrenstrom, F., Metcalfe, J.D. & Nilsson,
S. 1989. Circulating catecholamines and swimming
performance in the Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua. J. exp.
Biol. 141, 377-387.
58. Jones, D.R., Brill,
R.W., Butler, P.J., Bushnell, P.G. & Heieis, M.R.A.
1990. Measurement of ventilation volume in swimming
tuna. J. exp. Biol. 149, 491-498.
59. Art, T., Anderson, L.,
Woakes, A.J., Roberts, C., Butler, P.J., Snow, D.H. &
Lekeux, P. 1990. Mechanics of breathing during strenuous
exercise in thoroughbred horses. Resp. Physiol. 82,
279-294.
60. Butler, P.J., Woakes,
A.J., Anderson, L.S., Smale, K., Roberts, C.A. & Snow,
D.H. 1991. The effect of cessation of training on
cardiorespiratory variables during exercise. Equine
Exercise Physiology 3, 71-76, ICEEP Publications, Davis.
61. Bevan, R.M., Keijer,
E. & Butler, P.J. (1992). A method for controlling the
feeding behaviour of aquatic birds: heart rate and
oxygen consumption during dives of different duration.
J. exp. Biol. 162, 91-106.
62. Bevan, R.M. & Butler,
P.J. (1992). The effects of temperature on the oxygen
consumption, heart rate and deep body temperature during
diving in the tufted duck, Aythya fuligula. J. exp.
Biol. 163, 139-151.
63. Butler, P.J., Day, N.
& Namba, K. (1992). Interaction of seasonal temperature
and low pH on resting oxygen uptake and swimming
performance of adult brown trout, Salmo trutta. J. exp.
Biol. 165, 195-212.
64. West, N.H., Butler,
P.J. & Bevan, R.M. (1992). Pulmonary blood flow at rest
and during swimming in the green turtle, Chelonia mydas.
Physiol. Zool. 65, 287-310.
65. Young, I.S.,
Alexander, R.McN., Woakes, A.J., Butler, P.J. &
Anderson, L. (1992). The synchronisation of ventilation
and locomotion in horses (Equus caballus). J. exp. Biol.
166, 19-31.
66. Bevan, R.M. & Butler,
P.J. (1992). Cardiac output and blood flow distribution
during swimming and voluntary diving in the tufted duck,
Aythya fuligula. J. exp. Biol. 168, 199-217.
67. Butler, P.J., Woakes,
A.J., Boyd, I.L. & Kanatous, S. (1992). Relationship
between heart rate and oxygen consumption during
steady-state swimming in California sea lions. J. exp.
Biol. 170, 35-42.
68. Nolet, B.A., Butler,
P.J., Masman, D. & Woakes. A.J. (1992). Estimation of
daily energy expenditure from heart rate and doubly
labelled water in exercising geese. Physiol. Zool. 65,
1188-1216.
69. Ranson, R.N., Butler,
P.J. & Taylor, E.W. (1993). The central localization of
the vagus nerve in the ferret (Mustela putorius furo)
and the mink (Mustela vison). J. Auton. N.S. 43,
123-138.
70. Butler, P.J. & Day, N.
(1993) The relationship between intracellular pH and
swimming performance of brown trout exposed to neutral
and sublethal pH. J. exp. Biol. 176, 271-284.
71. Butler, P.J. & Day, N.
(1993) The relationship between intracellular pH and
seasonal temperature in the brown trout Salmo trutta. J.
exp. Biol. 177, 293-297.
72. Butler, P.J., Woakes,
A.J., Smale, K., Roberts, C.A., Hillidge, C.J., Snow,
D.H. & Marlin, D.J. (1993) Respiratory and
cardiovascular adjustments during exercise of increasing
intensity and during recovery in thoroughbred
racehorses. J. exp. Biol. 179, 159-180.
73. Butler, P.J., Woakes,
A.J., Anderson, L.S., Roberts, C.A. & Marlin, D.J.
(1993) Stride length and respiratory tidal volume in
exercising thoroughbred horses. Resp. Physiol. 93,
51-56.
74. Reed, J.Z., Chambers,
C., Fedak, M.A. & Butler, P.J. (1994). Gas exchange of
captive freely diving grey seals (Halichoerus gypus). J.
exp. Biol. 191, 1-18.
75. Bevan, R. M., Woakes,
A. J., Butler, P. J. & Boyd, I. L. 1994. The use of
heart rate to estimate oxygen consumption of
free-ranging black-browed albatrosses, Diomedea
melanophrys. J. exp. Biol. 193, 119-137
76. Reed, J. Z., Butler,
P. J. & Fedak, M. A. 1994. The metabolic characteristics
of the locomotory muscles of grey seal (Halichoerus
grypus), harbour seal (Phoca vitulina) and Antarctic fur
seals (Arctocephalus gazella). J. exp. Biol. 194, 33-46.
77. Bevan, R. M. & Butler,
P. J. 1994. Arterial blood pressure during voluntary
diving in the tufted duck, Aythya fuligula. J. comp.
Physiol. B. 164, 349-354.
78 Smale, K. & Butler, P.
J. 1994. Temperature and pH effects on the oxygen
equilibrium curve of the thoroughbred horse. Resp.
Physiol. 97, 293-300.
79. Smale, K., Anderson,
L. S. & Butler, P. J. 1994. An algorithm to describe the
oxygen equilibrium curve for the Thoroughbred racehorse.
Eq. Vet. J. 26, 50-502.
80. Woakes, A. J., Butler,
P. J. & Bevan, R. M. 1995. An implantable data logging
system for heart rate and body temperature: its
application to the estimation of field metabolic rates
in Antarctic predators. Med. and Biol. Eng. and Comp.
33, 145-152.
81. Bevan, R.M., Speakman,
J.R. & Butler, P.J. 1995a Daily energy expenditure of
tufted ducks: a comparison between indirect calorimetry,
doubly-labelled water and heart rate. Func. Ecol. 9,
40-47.
82. Ranson, R.N., Butler,
P.J. & Taylor, E.W. 1995. Studies on nerves of the upper
respiratory tract in the ferret and the mink. J Auton
N.S. 52, 1-16.
83. Bishop, C.M., Butler,
P.J. & Atkinson, N.M. 1995. The effect of elevated
levels of thyroxine on the aerobic capacity of the
locomotor muscles of the tufted duck, Aythya fuligula.
J. comp. Physiol. B. 164, 618-621.
84. Boyd, I. L., Woakes,
A. J., Butler, P. J., Davis, R. W. & Williams, T. M.
1995. Validation of heart rate and doubly-labelled water
as measures of metabolic rate during swimming in
California sea lions. Func. Ecol. 9, 151-160
85. Bishop, C.M., Butler,
P.J., Egginton, S., El Haj, A.J & Gabrielsen, G.W. 1995.
Development of metabolic enzyme activity in locomotor
and cardiac muscles of the migratory barnacle goose. Am.
J. Physiol. 269, R64-R72.
86. Bevan, R.M., Woakes,
A.J., Butler, P.J., & Croxall, J.P. 1995b Heart rate and
oxygen consumption of exercising gentoo penguins.
Physiol. Zool. 68, 855-877.
87. Beaumont, M.W.,
Butler, P.J. & Taylor, E.W. 1995. Exposure of brown
trout, Salmo trutta, to sub-lethal copper concentrations
in soft acidic water and its effect upon sustained
swimming performance. Aqu. Toxicol. 33, 45-63.
88. Bishop, C.M. & Butler,
P.J. 1995. Physiological modelling of oxygen consumption
in birds during flight. J. exp. Biol. 198, 2153-2163.
89. Beaumont, M.W.,
Butler, P.J. & Taylor, E.W. 1995. Plasma ammonia
concentration in brown trout (Salmo trutta) exposed to
sub-lethal copper in soft acidic water and its
relationship to decreased swimming performance. J. exp.
Biol. 198, 2213-2220.
90. Bevan, R.M., Butler,
P.J., Woakes, A.J. & Prince, P.A. 1995c. The energy
expenditure of free-ranging black-browed albatrosses.
Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. 350, 119-131.
91. Butler, P.J., Bevan,
R.M., Woakes, A.J., Croxall, J.P. & Boyd, I.L. 1995. The
use of data loggers to determine the energetics and
physiology of aquatic birds and mammals. Braz. J. Med.
Biol. Res. 28, 1307-1317.
92. Bishop, C.M., Butler,
P.J., El Haj, A.J., Egginton, S. & Loonen, M.J.J.E.
1996. The morphological development of the locomotor and
cardiac muscles of the migratory barnacle goose, Branta
leucopsis. J. Zool. 239, 1-15.
93. Day, N. & Butler, P.J.
1996. Environmental acidity and white muscle recruitment
during swimming in the brown trout (Salmo trutta). J.
exp. Biol. 199, 1947-1959.
94. Deaton, K., Bishop,
C.M. & Butler, P.J. 1996. Variation in the activity of
citrate synthase within the pectoralis of the barnacle
goose, Branta leucopsis. J. avian Biol. 27, 354-356.
95. Bevan, R.M., Boyd,
I.L., Butler, P.J., Reid, K., Woakes, A.J. & Croxall,
J.P. 1997. Heart rates and abdominal temperatures of
free-ranging S. Georgian shags, Phalacrocorax
georgianus. J. exp. Biol. 200, 661-675.
96. Hawkins, P.A.J.,
Butler, P.J., Woakes, A.J. & Gabrielsen, G.W. 1997. Heat
increment of feeding in Brünnich's guillemot, Uria
lomvia. J. exp. Biol. 200, 1757-1763.
97. Deaton, K.E., Bishop,
C.M. & Butler, P.J. 1997. The effect of thyroid hormones
on the aerobic development of locomotor and cardiac
muscles in the barnacle goose, Branta leucopsis. J.
comp. Physiol. 167, 319-327.
98. Handrich, Y., Bevan,
R.M., Charrassin, J.-B., Butler, P.J., Pütz, K., Woakes,
A. J., Lage, J. & LeMaho, Y. 1997. Hypothermia in
foraging king penguins. Nature. 388, 64-67.
99. Bishop, C.M., Butler,
P.J., El-Haj, A.J. & Egginton, S. 1998. Comparative
development of captive and migratory populations of the
barnacle goose. Physiol. Zool. 71, 198 - 207.
100. Deaton, K.E., Bishop,
C.M. & Butler, P.J. 1998. Tissue-specific effects of
hypothyroidism on postnatal muscle development in the
barnacle goose. J. exp. Biol. 201, 827 - 836.
101. Boggs, D.F., Butler,
P.J. & Wallace, S.E. 1998. Differential air sac
pressures in diving tufted ducks (Aythya fuligula). J.
exp. Biol. 201, 2665 - 2668.
102. de Leeuw, J.J.,
Butler, P.J., Woakes, A.J. & Zegwaard, F. 1998. Body
cooling and its energetic implications for feeding and
diving of tufted ducks. Physiol. Zool. 71, 720 - 730.
103. Butler, P.J. &
Woakes, A. J. 1998. Behaviour and energetics of Svalbard
barnacle geese during their autumn migration. Norsk
Polarinst. Skr. 200, 141 - 158
104. Butler, P.J., Woakes,
A.J. & Bishop, C.M. 1998. The behaviour and physiology
of Svalbard barnacle geese, Branta leucopsis, during
their autumn migration. J. avian Biol. 29, 536 - 545
105. Hawkins, P.A.J.,
Butler, P.J. & Woakes, A.J. 1998. Growth and morphology
of captive female common eider ducklings, Somateria
mollissima. Wildfowl. 49, 92 - 102
106. Pelsers, M.A.L.,
Butler, P.J., Bishop, C.M. & Glatz, J.F.C. 1999. Fatty
acid-binding protein in heart and skeletal muscles of
the migratory barnacle goose throughout development. Am.
J. Physiol.- Regul. Integr. C. 45, R637 - R643
107. Boyd, I.L., Bevan,
R.M., Woakes, A.J. & Butler, P.J. 1999. Heart rate and
behavior of fur seals: implications for the measurement
of field energetics.Am. J. Physiol. - Heart Circ.
Physiol. 45, H844 - H857
108. Brown, D.J, Boyd,
I.L., Cripps, G.C. & Butler, P.J. 1999. Fatty acid
signature analysis from the milk of Antarctic fur seals
and southern elephant seals from South Georgia:
implications for diet determination. Mar. Ecol. Prog.
Ser. 187, 251-263.
109. Bishop, C.M., McCabe,
C.J., Gittoes, N.J.L., Butler, P.J. & Franklyn, J.A.
2000. Tissue-specific regulation of the thyroid hormone
receptor mRNA isoforms and target gene proteins in
domestic ducks. J. Endocrinol. 165, 607-615.
110. Beaumont, M.W.,
Taylor, E.W. & Butler, P.J. 2000. The resting membrane
potential of white muscle from brown trout (Salmo
trutta) exposed to copper in soft acidic water. J. exp.
Biol. 203, 2229-2236.
111. Butler, P.J., Woakes,
A.J., Bevan, R.M. & Stephenson, R. 2000. Heart rate and
rate of oxygen consumption during flight of the barnacle
goose, Branta leucopsis. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A. 126,
379-385.
112. Hawkins, P.A.J.,
Butler, P.J., Woakes, A.J. & Speakman, J.R. 2000.
Estimatation of the rate of oxygen consumption of the
common eider duck (Somateria mollisima), with some
measurements of heart rate during voluntary dives. J.
exp. Biol 203, 2819-2832.
113. Beaumont, M.W.,
Butler, P.J. & Taylor, E.W. 2000. Exposure of brown
trout, Salmo trutta, to sub-lethal concentration of
copper in soft acidic water: effect upon muscle
metabolism and membrane potential. Aqu. Toxicol. 51,
259-272.
114. Ropert-Coudert, Y.,
Bost, C.-A., Handrich, Y., Bevan, R. M., Butler, P. J.,
Woakes, A. J. & Le Maho, Y. 2000. Impact of
externally-attached loggers on the diving behaviour of
the king penguin. Physiol. Biochem. Zool. 73, 438-444.
115.
Green, J.A., Butler, P.J., Woakes, A.J., Boyd, I.L. &
Holder, R.L. 2001. Heart rate and rate of oxygen
consumption of exercising macaroni penguins. J. exp.
Biol. 204, 673-684.
Electronic
re-print request
116.
Butler, P.J. & Woakes, A.J. 2001. Seasonal hypothermia
in a large migrating bird: saving energy for fat
deposition? J. exp. Biol. 204, 1361-1367.
Electronic
re-print request
117.
Froget, G., Butler, P.J., Handrich, Y. and Woakes, A.J.
2001. Heart rate as an indicator of oxygen consumption:
influence of body condition in the king penguin. J. exp.
Biol. 204, 2133-2144.
Electronic
re-print request
118. Shingles, A.,
McKenzie, D.J., Taylor, E.W., Moretti, A., Butler, P.J.
and Ceradini, S. 2001. Effects of sublethal ammonia
exposure on swimming performance in rainbow trout (Onchorhynchus
mykiss). J. exp. Biol. 204, 2691-2698.
119.
Boggs, D.F., Baudinette, R.V., Frappell, P. and Butler,
P.J. 2001. The influence of locomotion on air sac
pressures in little penguins. J. exp. Biol. 204,
3581-3586.
Electronic
re-print request
120.
Bevan, R.M., Butler, P.J., Woakes, A.J. and Boyd, I.L.
2002. The energetics of gentoo penguins, Pygoscelis
papua, during the breeding season. Func. Ecol. 16,
175-190.
Electronic
re-print request
121. Guillemette, M.,
Woakes, A.J., Flagstad, A. and Butler, P.J. 2002.
Effects of data-loggers implanted for a full year in
female common eiders. The Condor 104, 448-452.
122.
Butler, P.J., Frappell, P.B., Wang, T. and Wikelski, M.
2002. The relationship between heart rate and rate of
oxygen consumption in Galapagos marine iguanas (Amblyrhynchus
cristatus) at two different temperatures. J. exp. Biol.
205, 1917-1924.
Electronic
re-print request
123.
Froget, G., Handrich, Y., Le Maho, Y., Rouanet, J-L.,
Woakes, A.J. and Butler, P.J. 2002. The heart rate -
oxygen consumption relationship during cold exposure of
king penguins: a comparison with that during exercise.
J. exp. Biol. 205, 2511-2517.
Electronic
re-print request
124. Ward, S., Bishop, C.M.,
Woakes, A.J. and Butler, P.J. 2002. Relationships
between heart rate and rate of oxygen consumption in
flying and walking barnacle geese (Branta leucopsis) and
bar-headed geese (Anser indicus). J. exp. Biol. 205,
3347-3356.
Electronic
re-print request
125. Bishop, C.M., Ward,
S., Woakes, A.J. and Butler, P.J. 2002. The energetics
of barnacle geese (Branta leucopsis) flying in captive
and wild conditions. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 133.
225-237.
126. Green, J.A., Butler,
P.J., Woakes, A.J. and Boyd, I.L. 2002. The energy cost
of breeding in macaroni penguins at South Georgia. Func.
Ecol. 205: 671-681
127. Parkes, R., Halsey, L.G., Woakes, A. J., Holder, R. L. and Butler,
P. J. (2002) Oxygen resaturation during post dive recovery in a diving
bird, Aythya fuligula. Implications for optimal foraging models.
J. Exp. Biol. 206: 3945-3954
128. Green, J. A., Butler, P. J., Woakes, A. J. and Boyd, I. L. (2003)
Energetics of diving macaroni penguins. J. Exp. Biol. 206: 43-57
129. Beaumont. M.W.,
Butler, P.J. and Taylor, E.W. 2002. Exposure of brown
trout, Salmo trutta, to a sub-lethal concentration of
copper in soft acidic water: effects upon gas exchange
and ammonia accumulation. J. exp. Biol (in press).
130. Halsey, L., Butler, P.J. and Woakes, A.J. 2002. Testing optimal foraging
models for air-breathing divers. An. Behav. (in press)..Electronic
re-print request Halsey,
L., Butler, P.J. and Woakes, A.J. 2002
131: Phillips, R. A., Green, J. A., Phalan, B., Croxhall, J. P. and
Butler, P. J. (2003) Chick metabolic rate and growth in three species of
albatross: a comparative study. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A. 135:
185-193
132: Halsey, L. G., Reed, J. Z., Woakes, A. J. and Butler, P. J. (2003)
The influence of oxygen and carbon dioxide on diving behaviour of tufted
ducks, Aythya fuligula. Physiol. Biochem. Zool. 76:
436-446
133: Green,
J. A., Butler, P. J., Woakes, A. J. and Boyd, I. L. (2004) Enegetics of
the moult fast in female macaroni penguins (Eudyptes chrysolophus).
Physiol. Biochem. Zool. 35: 153-161
134:
Green, J. A., Tanton,
J. L., Woakes, A. J., Boyd, A. J. and Butler, P. J. (2004) Effects of
long-term implanted data loggers on macaroni penguins. J. Av. Bio.
35: 370-376
135: Hayes, R. A.,
Regondi, S., Winter, M. J., Butler, P. J., Agradi, E., Taylor, E. W. and
Chipman, J. K. (2004) Cloning of chub metallothionein cDNA and
development of competitive RT-PCR of chub metallothionein mRNA as a
potential biomarker of heavy metal exposure. Mar. Env. Res. 48:
665-669
136:
Watkins, E. J., Kenyon, B. and Butler, P. J. (2004) Post-hatch growth
and functional development of the digestive system in wild and
domesticated ducks. Brit. Poult. Sci. 45: 331-341
137: Bonser, R. H. C.,
Deaton, K. E., Bishop, C. M. and Butler, P. J. (2004) The effect of
impaired thyroid function during development on the mechanical
properties of avian bone. J. Exp. Zool. 301A: 636-641
138: Fahlman, A.,
Handrich, Y., Woakes, A. J., Bost, C-A, Holder, R., Duchamp, C. and
Butler, P. J. (2004) The effect of fasting on the VO2 and fH
relationship in king penguins, Aptenodytes patagonicus 287:
R870-R877
139: Froget, G., Butler,
P. J., Woakes, A. J., Fahlman, A., Kuntz, G., Le Maho, Y. and Handrich,
Y. (2004) Heart rate and energetics of free-ranging king penguins (Aptenodytes
patagonicus). J. Exp. Biol. 207: 3917-3926
140 Winter, M.J.,
Day, N., Hayes, R.A., Taylor, E.W., Butler, P.J. and Chipman, J.K. 2004.
DNA strand breaks and adducts determined in feral and caged chub (Leuciscus
cephalus) exposed to rivers exhibiting variable water quality in
Birmingham, UK. Mut. Res. 552, 163-175.
141 Halsey, L.G.,
Butler, P.J. and Woakes, A.J. 2005. Breathing hypoxic gas affects the
physiology as well and the diving behaviour of tufted ducks. Physiol.
Biochem. Zool. 78, 273-284.
142 Guillemette, M.,
Woakes, A. J., Henaux, V., Grandbois, J-M. and Butler, P. J. 2005. The
effect of depth on the diving behaviour of common eiders. Can. J. Zool.
82, 1818-1826
143 Clark, T.D,
Ryan, T., Ingram, B.A., Woakes, A.J., Butler, P.J. and Frappell, P.B.
2005. Factorial aerobic scope is independent of temperature and
primarily modulated by heart rate in exercising Murray cod (Maccullochella
peellii peellii). Physiol. Biochem. Zool. 78, 347-355.
144 Clark, T.D.,
Wang, T., Butler, P.J. and Frappell, P.B. 2005. Factorial scopes of
cardio-metabolic variables remain constant with changes in body
temperature in the varanid lizard, Varanus rosenbergi. Am. J. Physiol.
288, R992-R997.
145 Green, J.,
Woakes, A., Boyd, I. and Butler, P J. 2005. Cardiovascular adjustments
during locomotion in penguins. Can. J. Physiol. 83, 445-454.
146 Halsey, L.G.,
Wallace, S.E, Woakes, A.J., Winkler, H. and Butler P.J. 2005. Tufted
ducks Aythya fuligula do not control buoyancy during diving. J. av.
Biol. 36, 261-267.
147 Clark, T.D.,
Butler, P.J. and Frappell, P.B. 2005. Digestive state influences the
heart rate hysteresis and rates of heat exchange in the varanid lizard,
Varanus rosenbergi. J. exp. Biol. 208, 2269-2276.
148 Green, J.A.,
Boyd, I.L., Woakes, A.J., Green, C.J. and Butler, P.J. 2005. Do seasonal
changes in metabolic rate facilitate changes in diving behaviour? J.
exp. Biol. 208, 2581-2593
149 Day, N. and
Butler, P.J. 2005. The effects of acclimation to reversed seasonal
temperatures on the swimming performance of adult brown trout Salmo
trutta. J. exp. Biol. 208, 2683-2692.
150 Winter, M.J.
Verweij, F., Garofalo, E., Ceradini, S., McKenzie, D. J., Williams, M.
A., Taylor, E. W., Butler, P. J., van der Oost, R. and Chipman, J. K.
2005. Tissue levels and biomarkers of organic contaminants in feral and
caged chub (Leuciscus cephalus) from rivers in the West Midlands, UK. Aq
Toxicol. 73, 394-405.
151 Green, J. A.,
Boyd, I. L., Woakes, A. J. and Butler, P. J. 2005. Behavioural
flexibility during year-round foraging in macaroni penguins. Mar. Ecol.
Prog. Ser. 296, 183-196.
152 Fahlman, A.,
Schmidt, A., Handrich, Y., Woakes, A.J. and Butler, P.J. 2005.
Metabolism and thermoregulation during fasting in king penguins,
Aptenodytes patagonicus, in air and water. Am. J. Physiol. 289,
R670-679.
153 Grémillet, D.,
Kuntz, G., Gilbert, C., Woakes, A.J., Butler, P.J and Le Maho, Y. 2005.
Cormorants dive through the Polar night. Biol Letts 1, 469-471.
154 Grémillet, D.,
Kuntz, G., Woakes, A.J., Gilbert, C., Robin, J-P., Le Maho Y. and
Butler. P.J. 2005. Year-round recordings of behavioural and
physiological parameters reveal the survival strategy of a poorly
insulated diving endotherm during the Arctic winter. J exp Biol 208,
4231-4241.
155 Green, J.A.,
White, C.R. and Butler, P.J. 2005. Allometric estimation of metabolic
rate from heart rate in penguins. Comp Biochem Physiol A 142, 478-484.
156 Halsey, L.,
Brand, O.J., Woakes, A.J. and Butler, P.J. 2006. Experiments on single
diving animals in the laboratory often measure dives of decreased
effort. Ibis 148, 164-166
157 Watkins, E. J.,
Hall, A. D., Wiseman, J. and Butler, P. J. 2006. Feed metabolism and
resting metabolic rate in mallards and domestic ducks. J Zool. (in
press).
158 Clark, T.D.,
Butler, P.J. and Frappell, P.B. 2006. Factors influencing the prediction
of metabolic rate in a reptile. Func. Ecol. (in press).
159 Halsey, L.G.,
Butler, P.J. and Blackburn, T.M. 2006. A phylogenetic analysis of the
allometry of diving. Am Nat (in press).
160 McKenzie, D.J.,
Garofalo, E., Winter, M.J., Ceradini, S., Verweij, F., Day, N., Hayes,
R., van der Oost, R., Butler, P.J., Chipman, J.K. and Taylor, E.W. 2006.
Swimming performance in fish: a physiological biomarker of aquatic
pollution? Phil Trans Roy Soc (in press).
